Code-it Scratch programming adaptations for schools following Virginia State Computing Science Standards . (W)eb versions are free. (B)ook versions, code, and slides are linked here, but the pupil booklets and marksheets need to be photocopied from the book(s). Some code templates linked here have been modified to suit Virginia state standards. The highlighted rows are good starter modules. Non-highlighted modules are good extension modules.
| Grade | Module Name (Book Web) | Computing Standards (CS) Mathematics (M) English (E) History (H) Science (S) Health (He) | Method |
| Grade 2 | Scratch Environment W | Self-Learning Video | |
| Grade 2 | Animal Challenges B | CS 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 H 2.11 |
Instruction |
| Grade 2 | Conversation B | CS 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 E 2.10 H 2.10 |
Instruction |
| Grade 2 | Fish Fun B | CS 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 H 2.11 |
Instruction |
| Grade 2 | Animation B | CS 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 H 2.5 |
Instruction |
| Grade 2 | Ladybug Munch B | CS 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 H 2.4 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 3 | Toy Give Away B | CS 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6 H 3.1 H 3.2 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 3 | Exploring 2D Shapes B | CS 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6 M 3.MG.4 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 3 | Come Back Doggy B | CS 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6 S 3.7 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 3 | Fishtank B | CS 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6 He 3.3 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 3 | Helicopter Game B | CS 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6 He 3.3 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 4 | Virginia Variables W | CS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 M 4.NS.5, M 4.CE.1 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 4 | Drawing with Variables W | CS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 M 4.MG.6 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 5 | Making Choices B | CS 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5 H USI.1, USI.2 to USI.9 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 5 | Wizards Choice Two B | CS 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5 H USI.1, USI.2 to USI.9 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 6 | Ocean Pollution B | CS 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 M 6.NS.1, S 6.9 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 6 | Butterfly Fun B | CS 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 M 6.NS.1 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 6 | Walker One W | CS 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 | PRIMM |
| Grade 6 | Ada Lovelace B | CS 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 M 6.MG.1 |
PRIMM |
| Grade 8 | Orange Run W | CS 8.1, | PRIMM |
Programming Progression
Research Influences
Introductory elements of many modules have been influenced by the cognitive load work of John Sweller.
Use Modify Create is the idea of Irene Lee et al and helps us start by examining code rather than building code.
PRIMM is the idea of Sue Sentance and is an adaptation of Use Modify Create. It stands for Predict, Run, Investigate, Modify, Make. She introduces the idea of code comprehension to help students think deeply about code before writing their own code.
4 levels of abstraction Jane Waite, reviewing primary teachers use of planning in programming found that there was little understanding of the difference between an algorithm and code and no coherent planning structure. She suggested that we adapt the work of Armoni and use four levels of abstraction. Ideas level: What do I want to create in general terms? Design level: including an algorithm, objects to use and initialisation. Code level: where we turn algorithm into code. Run the code or execute level: Where we test the code.
Concept before code has been influenced by the work of Shuchi Grover.
Progression in programming concepts has been influenced by the work of the everyday computing team. Their excellent trajectories have informed the internal order of many of the concepts.
Every module ends with a make/create section. These have been influenced by the work of Seymour Papert.
As always, all misconceptions are my own.
Phil Bagge, October 15, 2023
Books can be ordered directly from the publisher via this link
